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Welcome to Bulgaria's book library
Bulgaria — quotes, proverbs & wisdom
Real words from the people of Bulgaria, each with a verified source. New quotes are added as each is fact-checked.
The story of Bulgaria
Bulgaria is one of the oldest states in Europe to have kept its name since its founding. In 681 CE, Khan Asparuh led the Bulgars across the Danube and forged an alliance with local Slavic tribes, and Byzantium recognised the new state the same year. Christianity arrived under Boris I in 864, and under Tsar Simeon I the Great (893-927) Bulgaria entered a golden age of literature and art, with the Preslav Literary School refining the Cyrillic alphabet still used across the Slavic world today. Byzantium conquered the First Empire in 1018, but Bulgaria rose again in 1185 as the Second Bulgarian Empire, ruled from Tarnovo. Ottoman conquest by 1396 began nearly five centuries of foreign rule, ended only after the Russo-Turkish War, when the 1878 Treaty of San Stefano and Congress of Berlin restored Bulgarian autonomy; full independence followed in 1908. The 20th century brought two world wars, decades of communist rule after 1946, and a peaceful transition to democracy in 1989. Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007 and today blends Thracian, Slavic, and Ottoman-era heritage with a modern European identity.
Timeline — key moments
- 681
Khan Asparuh founds the First Bulgarian Empire; recognised by Byzantium.
- 864
Bulgaria adopts Christianity under Knyaz Boris I.
- 893-927
Golden Age under Tsar Simeon I the Great; Preslav Literary School refines the Cyrillic alphabet.
- 1018
Byzantine Empire conquers Bulgaria, ending the First Empire.
- 1185
Asen dynasty founds the Second Bulgarian Empire, capital at Tarnovo.
- 1396
Ottoman conquest completed; nearly five centuries of Ottoman rule begin.
- 1878
Treaty of San Stefano and Congress of Berlin restore Bulgarian autonomy.
- 1908
Bulgaria declares full independence as a Tsardom.
- 1989
Fall of communist rule; peaceful transition to democracy begins.
- 2007
Bulgaria joins the European Union (1 January).
Top 10 things to know about Bulgaria
- Bulgaria is one of the oldest countries in Europe to have kept its founding name (since 681 CE).
- The Cyrillic alphabet, used across the Slavic world today, was refined by Bulgarian scholars at the Preslav Literary School.
- The Varna Necropolis in Bulgaria holds what is considered the oldest processed gold treasure discovered anywhere in the world, dated to circa 4600-4200 BCE.
- Bulgarians traditionally nod their head for "no" and shake it side to side for "yes" , the reverse of most cultures.
- The bacterium behind traditional Bulgarian yogurt, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, was identified by Bulgarian scientist Stamen Grigorov in 1905.
- Bulgaria's Rose Valley is one of the world's leading sources of attar of roses, used across the global perfume industry.
- Ancient Thracian tribes once inhabited the region, leaving behind elaborate tombs and gold treasures still being unearthed today.
- During the Second World War, Bulgaria refused to deport its Jewish citizens to Nazi death camps, saving tens of thousands of lives.
- The Rila Monastery, founded in the 10th century, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a symbol of Bulgarian spiritual and cultural survival.
- Bulgarian polyphonic and open-throated women's choral singing is recognised by UNESCO as intangible cultural heritage.
Famous people from Bulgaria
Founding ruler (7th c.)
Led the Bulgars across the Danube and founded the First Bulgarian Empire in 681 CE.
Tsar (9th-10th c.)
Presided over Bulgaria's medieval Golden Age of literature, art, and territorial power.
Revolutionary
National hero who organised the underground movement for liberation from Ottoman rule.
Novelist & poet
Known as the "Patriarch of Bulgarian literature"; author of "Under the Yoke".
Writer
Bulgarian-born Nobel laureate in Literature (1981), author of "Auto-da-Fe".
Artist
Bulgarian-born large-scale environmental artist known for wrapping landmarks such as the Reichstag.
Say it in Bulgaria's language
Hello
Здравейте
zdra-VEY-teh (formal)
Hi (informal)
Здравей
zdra-VEY
Thank you
Благодаря
bla-go-da-RYA
Did you know?
- ★Bulgarians traditionally shake their head side-to-side for "yes" and nod up-and-down for "no" , the opposite of most of the world, which often confuses visitors.
- ★The Varna Necropolis gold ornaments, unearthed in Bulgaria, are considered by many archaeologists to be the oldest gold treasure ever found.
- ★Bulgaria's Rose Valley produces a large share of the world's natural rose oil, a key ingredient in luxury perfumes worldwide.
Bulgaria culture
- Kukeri festivals feature elaborately masked dancers performing ancient rituals believed to drive away evil spirits, especially around New Year.
- Nestinarstvo, ritual fire-dancing on hot embers, survives in some Bulgarian villages as a centuries-old tradition tied to Saints Constantine and Helena.
- Shopska salad , tomatoes, cucumbers, peppers, and grated white cheese , is regarded as the national dish.
- Banitsa, a baked pastry of layered dough and cheese, is a staple of Bulgarian breakfasts and holiday tables.
Why read Bulgaria's books
Bulgarian literature grew out of the Preslav Literary School's medieval scholarship, was nearly silenced under centuries of Ottoman rule, and re-emerged fiercely during the National Revival as a voice for independence. Reading Bulgaria's books traces that arc from monastery scriptoria to modern letters.
Continue exploring
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