ู ุฑุญุจูุง ุจูู ูู ู ูุชุจุฉ ูุชุจ ู ูุฑูุชุงููุง
Welcome to Mauritania's book library
Mauritania โ quotes, proverbs & wisdom
Real words from the people of Mauritania, each with a verified source. New quotes are added as each is fact-checked.
The story of Mauritania
Mauritania sits at the hinge between the Arab Maghreb and West Africa, and its story reflects that crossroads. Its southern reaches once brushed the edges of the ancient Ghana Empire, and in the 11th century the Sanhaja Berbers of its Saharan interior gave rise to the Almoravid movement, a reformist Islamic brotherhood that swept north to rule Morocco, Al-Andalus, and much of the western Sahara. Trans-Saharan trade cities such as Chinguetti, Ouadane, Tichitt, and Oualata grew into centres of caravan commerce and Islamic scholarship, their libraries of hand-copied manuscripts earning Chinguetti the nickname "the Sorbonne of the desert." France absorbed the territory into French West Africa in the early 20th century, and Mauritania became fully independent on 28 November 1960 under President Moktar Ould Daddah. The decades since have brought military coups, the long struggle to end slavery in practice, and a 2019 election that marked the country's first peaceful transfer of power. Today Mauritania is an Islamic Republic where nomadic Moorish tradition, Arabic scholarship, and Sahara geology all shape a distinct national identity.
Timeline โ key moments
- circa 1040
The Almoravid religious movement forms among Sanhaja Berbers in the Mauritanian Sahara.
- 13th century
Chinguetti rises as a hub of trans-Saharan trade and Islamic scholarship.
- 1904
Mauritania is incorporated into French West Africa.
- 1920
Mauritania formally becomes a French colony.
- 1960
Independence from France (28 November) under President Moktar Ould Daddah.
- 1978
Military coup ousts President Moktar Ould Daddah.
- 1981
Slavery is officially abolished by presidential decree, the last country in the world to do so.
- 2007
A new law criminalises slaveholding; Sidi Ould Cheikh Abdallahi becomes the first freely elected president.
- 2008
Military coup ousts President Abdallahi; Mohamed Ould Abdel Aziz takes power.
- 2019
Mohamed Ould Ghazouani's election marks Mauritania's first peaceful transfer of power since independence.
Top 10 things to know about Mauritania
- Mauritania is one of the largest countries in Africa, with roughly 90% of its land covered by the Sahara Desert.
- Nouakchott, the capital, grew from a small coastal village into one of the largest cities in the Sahara after 1960.
- Mauritania was the last country in the world to officially abolish slavery, in 1981, with criminal penalties added in 2007.
- The Richat Structure ("Eye of the Sahara"), a huge circular rock formation near Ouadane, is visible from space.
- Chinguetti, Ouadane, Tichitt, and Oualata form a UNESCO World Heritage site as the "Ancient Ksour" of trans-Saharan trade.
- The Almoravid movement, which later ruled parts of Spain and North Africa, began among Berber tribes in the Mauritanian Sahara.
- Hassaniya Arabic is the dominant spoken language; French remains widely used in government and business.
- Mauritania is an Islamic Republic, and nearly the entire population is Sunni Muslim.
- The SNIM iron-ore train, one of the longest and heaviest trains in the world, runs nearly 700 km across the desert.
- The ouguiya is one of only a small number of currencies still divided on a non-decimal system (into 5 khoums).
Famous people from Mauritania
Scholar & writer
Author of "Al-Wasit", a landmark literary and geographical compendium of Chinguetti and Mauritanian scholarship.
First president
Led Mauritania to independence in 1960 and served as its first head of state until 1978.
Singer
One of Mauritania's most celebrated musicians, known internationally as a voice of Moorish griot tradition.
Activist & politician
Prominent anti-slavery campaigner and opposition presidential candidate.
President (since 2019)
Oversaw Mauritania's first peaceful transfer of power since independence.
Say it in Mauritania's language
Hello (peace be upon you)
ุงูุณูุงู ุนูููู
as-salamu alaykum
Thank you
ุดูุฑุง
shukran
Goodbye
ู ุน ุงูุณูุงู ุฉ
ma'a as-salama
Did you know?
- โ The Richat Structure is roughly 40 km wide and was reportedly used as a landmark by early astronauts orbiting the Earth.
- โ The SNIM ore train that crosses the Sahara can stretch nearly 3 km long, making it one of the longest trains on Earth.
- โ The ouguiya is one of the last currencies in the world not based on a decimal system , it is divided into 5 khoums.
Mauritania culture
- The traditional Moorish tea ceremony serves three glasses of sweet mint tea, each brewed stronger and said to represent a different stage of life.
- Griot musicians (iggawin) preserve oral history, poetry, and genealogy through song, a tradition carried by artists like Dimi Mint Abba.
- Mauritanian women traditionally wear the melhfa, a long flowing wrap in bright colours and patterns.
- Camels remain central to nomadic Moorish life, valued for milk, transport, and racing.
Why read Mauritania's books
Mauritania's literary heritage is rooted in the hand-copied manuscript libraries of Chinguetti and Ouadane, where centuries of Islamic scholarship on law, astronomy, and poetry were preserved in the desert. Reading Mauritania's books connects to a tradition where knowledge itself was a caravan good, carried and copied across the Sahara.
Continue exploring
Spotted an error about Mauritania? Report a correction โ we fix fast. Every fact here is checked, but if we got something wrong, tell us.