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Ernest Shackleton

Polar Explorer · 1874–1922

Who is Ernest Shackleton?

Sir Ernest Henry Shackleton was an Anglo-Irish polar explorer, one of the central figures of the "Heroic Age" of Antarctic exploration. After serving on Scott's Discovery expedition and leading the Nimrod expedition of 1907-1909, he set out in 1914 to lead the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition aboard the ship Endurance, aiming to cross Antarctica overland. The Endurance became trapped and was ultimately crushed by pack ice in the Weddell Sea, forcing the 28-man crew to camp on drifting ice floes and then sail three small boats to the remote, uninhabited Elephant Island. From there, Shackleton and five companions sailed the 22.5-foot lifeboat James Caird roughly 800 nautical miles across the Southern Ocean to reach South Georgia, landing at King Haakon Bay in May 1916. With no map of the island's interior, Shackleton, navigator Frank Worsley, and seaman Tom Crean then made the first-ever crossing of South Georgia's mountains and glaciers, trekking 36 hours without rest to reach the whaling station at Stromness and organize the rescue of every remaining man. Shackleton returned to South Georgia in 1921 on the ship Quest for a further expedition, but died of a heart attack at Grytviken on 5 January 1922. At his wife's request he was buried in the whalers' cemetery there, and his grave remains one of South Georgia's most visited sites.

Sources: Ernest Shackleton, South: The Story of Shackleton's Last Expedition, 1914-1917 (William Heinemann, 1919; Project Gutenberg ebook 5199) · Frank Worsley, Shackleton's Boat Journey (1933) · South Georgia Museum, "Death of Shackleton" (sgmuseum.gs)

Quotes by Ernest Shackleton

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